Ocean Noise Pollution Essay Example

Ocean Noise Pollution Paper For millions of years, the oceans have been filled with sounds from natural sources such as the squeaks, moans and clicks of whales and dolphins, the snapping of shrimp, the sound caused by wind upon the surface and even the occasional rumble from earthquakes. Over millions of years, the oceans marine species have developed into what they are today, with their own specialized acute hearing abilities, communication skills and echo location abilities at natural sound levels. Hearing is generally as important to many marine creatures as sight is for humans. The oceans once referred to as the The Silent World by Jacques Southeast, has now become an increasingly noisy place since the industrial age. According to Wisped, Noise Pollution is excessive, displeasing human, animal or machine-created environmental noise that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life. Noise pollution could also be defined as a type of energy pollution in which distracting, irritating, or damaging sounds are freely audible. As with other forms of energy pollution (such as heat and light pollution), noise pollution contaminants are not physical particles, but rather waves that interfere with durably-occurring waves of a similar type in the same environment. Thus, the definition of noise pollution is open to debate, and there is no clear border as to which sounds may constitute noise pollution. In the narrowest sense, sounds are considered noise pollution if they adversely affect wildlife, human activity, or are capable of damaging physical structures on a regular, repeating basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Noise Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Noise Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ocean Noise Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hearing is the universal alerting sense in all vertebrates. Sound is extremely important because animals are able to hear events all around them, no matter where their attention is focused. Sound travels far greater distances than light under water. Light travels only a few hundred meters in the ocean before it is absorbed or scattered. Even where light is available, it is more difficult to see as far under water as in air, limiting vision in the marine environment It is similar to looking through fog on land. So, the best opportunity for long-range vision underwater especially in murky water is to swim beneath objects and see their silhouettes. In consequence, most marine animals rely on sound for survival and depend on unique adaptations hat enable them to communicate, protect themselves, locate food, and navigate underwater. Animals change the rate of sound production and the structure of the sounds to send different messages. Underwater sound allows marine animals to gather information and communicate at great distances and from all directions. The speed of sound determines the delay between when a sound is made and when it is heard. The speed of underwater sound is five times faster than sounds traveling in air. Sound travels much further underwater than in air. Thus marine animals can perceive sound coming from such further distances than terrestrial animals. Because the sound travels faster, they also receive the sounds after much shorter delays (for the same distance). It is no surprise that marine mammals have evolved many different uses for sounds. Marine mammals, such as whales, use sound to identify objects such as food, obstacles, and other whales. By emitting clicks, or short pulses of sound, marine mammals can listen for echoes and detect prey items, or navigate around objects. This animal sense functions just like the sonar systems on navy ships. It is clear that producing and hearing sound is ITIL to marine mammal survival. Whales and dolphins are celebrated for their sounds, but many species of fish and marine invertebrates also use sound. Fish produce various sounds, including grunt, croaks, clicks, and snaps, which are used to attract mates as well as ward off predators. For the taffies, sound production is very important in courtship rituals. Sound is produced by the male taffies to attract the female for mating and is especially important in the murky waters that taffies inhabit where sight is limited. Ashes also produce sound when feeding. When a fish eats hard food, such as coral, it will produce a sound. Fishes sometimes gnash their teeth without the presence of food, which may be a way to scare away predators. As you can see, sound is very important to its underwater inhabitants. It allows them to navigate, to hear approaching predators and prey, and is a way of communicating with other members of the same species. There are a lot of sources of noise in the marine environment. Naturally occurring noises include underwater volcanic eruptions and storms. Background noise in the ocean is produced by reeking waves, wind and rain, and by the huge number of small crustaceans and other animals. A typical background noise level is about 100 decibels (db), which is about the same in energy terms as 40 db in air. Wind and waves in storms, and choruses from fish and invertebrate can increase this level to about 1 20 db. Measurements show that the Pacific Ocean is still relatively quiet and that most of its background noise is produced by wind and by marine creatures. This is in contrast to the Atlantic Ocean, where most of the background noise is from the churning propellers of ocean-going ships. There are also several man-made (anthropogenic) sources of ocean noise, some of which are the unintended by products of human activity (e. G. Sell propulsion), while others are produced for a specific purpose (e. G. Military sonar). Whales, dolphins and porpoises today face a wealth of man-made threats including hunting, ship strikes, entanglement in fishing gear and issues arising from climate change. However, one man-made threat that is not as commonly acknowledged as others is ocean noise pollution. This is partly due to the fact that it is not a visible threat, so can be easily overlooked. The noi se becomes problematic and highly hazardous when it is man-made. In the past several years many studies have shown that man-made ocean noise emanating from such sources as are military sonar equipment, ship traffic, and underwater drilling, commercial shipping seismic surveys for Oil and gas exploration, mineral and aggregate extraction, construction (e. G. Drilling, dredging and explosions), acoustic deterrent and harassment devices(e. G. Pincers on fishing nets used to deter predators) and recreational activities(e. G. Boating). Noise pollution in the oceans has been shown to cause hysterical and behavioral changes in marine life, especially in dolphins and whales, which rely on sound for daily activities. However, low frequency sound produced by large scale, offshore activities is also suspected to have the capacity to cause harm to other marine life as well. It can also cause hemorrhage or other trauma to the marine mammals auditory system, sometimes leading to permanent hearing loss, and, indirectly, death. It also causes displacement from their natural habitat, disruption of feeding, breeding, nursing, and other behaviors vital to the species survival. Some of he sounds produced by these man-made sources can travel for hundreds of kilometers in marine environment, potentially affecting many marine animals over a huge are. The growing amount of human noise pollution in the ocean could lead fish away from good habitat and off to their death, according to new research from a KICK-led team working on the Great Barrier Reef. Noise pollution might also severely affect the distribution offish, and their ability to reproduce, communicate and avoid predators. For example, some studies have reported that Atlantic herring, cod and blue-fin tuna flee sounds and school less coherently in noisy environments. That could mean that fish distributions are being affected, as fish avoid places polluted by man-made noise. Not only can squids and octopuses sense sound, but as it turns out, these and other so-called asphodels might be harmed by growing noise pollution in our oceans?from sources such as offshore drilling, ship motors, sonar use and pile driving. Giant squid, for example, were found along the shores of Austria, Spain in 2001 and 2003 following the use of air guns by offshore vessels and examinations eliminated all known causes of lesions in Hess species, suggesting that the squid deaths could be related to excessive sound exposure. The effects of noise pollution on whales depend, among other things, on the distance the whales are from the source of the noise. If the sound is very powerful and close to the animals it could well bring about permanent ear damage, internal injuries, and even death. Even sounds less powerful can induce temporary deafness, as was shown by studies carried out on seals, dolphins and belugas in captivity. Knowing just how dependent whales are on sounds, there is much cause for concern. During March of 000, at least 17 whales stranded themselves in the Bahamas and the population of beaked whales in this region disappeared. A federal investigation identified testing of a U. S. Ana active sonar system as the cause. There are many things we can do to decrease ocean noise, Ocean Link, an organization dedicated to ocean education, says on its website. The first would be to simply recognize that there is a noise problem in the oceans, which some governments have begun to do. With formal recognition, it may be possible for national and international agencies to work together to help reduce this problem. For any new policies regarding ocean noise, scientists should follow the precautionary principal to ensure that no further harm will come to marine mammals. From this perspective, governments should adopt legislation with the habitats of marine mammals in mind, ensuring that important areas would receive the least impact possible. While these may come too late for hundreds of sea animals that have already been damaged by underwater noise, with the right and concerted action, the seas may resonate with the sounds of whale songs, not the human-produced lethal noises of engines and machinery.

buy custom Digital Forensics essay

buy custom Digital Forensics essay In many occasions, investigators of Digital Forensics obtain file sharing, peer-to-peer or software available on the disks images or computers they evaluate. This work is performed using various tools and techniques that have been proven scientifically to carry out the work. Over the past few years, the rate of cybercrimes has tremendously augmented hence a need to develop a new tool that could help in identifying these increased shared file. This paper discusses in details the most important tool designed to discharge this duty in a rapid manner, it is referred to as File Marshal (P2P Marshal). This digital forensic tool is used to automatically detect, extract, and analyze data related to peer-to-peer hard disk applications/ soft ware on machines of clients. Liu et al (2010) asserts that Digital forensics is abroad field whose definition is the practice of putting to use technical methods and techniques/tools that have been scientifically derived and proven, to collect, validate, identify, analyze, interpret, document and present after the fact digital data obtained from digital sources with a view of furthering or facilitating the rebuilding of events as a forensic evidence. There are many types of digital sources where this information can be obtained including: mobile phones, computers, copiers, hard disks, DVDs, and. Others are: digital cameras, printers, network routers, VLSI chips, backup tapes, and communication protocols and software. The field of Digital Forensics has to be based on ICT science within the prerequisites and law interpretations. It allows data to be recovered even if from the knowledge of the user, it has been deleted. hence the core area of Digital Forensics are the techniques employed for recovering this data which have to be up to date because it is very easy to manipulate information that is digitally stored. For this reason, great care has to be taken when it comes to dealing with digital evidence for ability to prove the source of information. In the wake of amplified use of information technology and internet globally, amounts of criminal activities involving digital data and computing have also tremendously increased over the past decade. Digital forensics being a slow process, the digital crimes has presented new challenges on how to be detected, investigated, and prevented and also the trial of the corresponding crimes (Chao, 2010). For this reason there has been a dire need to come up with new and proper tools and techniques to deal with todays criminals factoring in the issue of time for scene processing. The most important technology that has been developed over the last five years is the P2P Marshall Technology. Buy custom Digital Forensics essay

APUSH Essay

Conflicts and arguments over state rights also ultimately helped the two party system reemerge by creating entrant in the views of states and their people. States rights was a major issue that contributed to the reemergence of a political parties. Jackson proposed that once the federal debt had been paid off, the government WOOL_SLD be able to distribute the extra money among the States.This angered the westerners because if the government gave the extra money to the states then it would not be able to lower the price of public land. The west proposed an alliance with the south based on this idea. Daniel Webster was able to prevent this from happening with a speech showing the position of states eight to treason. This incident helped in the division of political ideas that led to a separation of political parties.Both Jackson and Calhoun were not very different in the ideas about America except in the idea of a states right to overrule federal authority. The two of them became almost enemies and there were many times they each would attack the others personal character to try and gain what they wanted. In the end the different views of the two men influenced the views and stances of the political parties and created issues, which further divided the nation.

Business Information Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Business Information Systems - Essay Example The underlining of the weaknesses would fetch better design principals with reference to usability, efficient design, relational database and analytic techniques as well. The first section outlines the structure of the model and the various design principals which would be vividly discussed with screen dumps. The usability of the system is question is explored to its fullest extent. The second section would label the various strengths of the system in the light of analysis which is to be performed for the system. It would highlight the various instances of the system design principals and its ability to create a suitable design model. The structure of the model takes the shape of Microsoft Excel 2007 file which lays down various sheets over which the system is laid down. The first sheet is the index page which enlists all the sections that are present in the system and a click event is introduced to fetch links for that section. The various other sheets display the links from the main page and also accompanies a back button to the index page. It outlines the various features of the website and also features the data analysis page which analyzes the decisions to be made. The prime impact is the use of various controls which are used extensively like buttons to trace back, scroll buttons to navigate the larger sections of the textbox. The scroll buttons requires various kinds of mechanisms as changing them also affects the decision model. The various types of mechanisms for generating the exact match between system and reality has come to its fullest swing in this design. The layout of the input and output form is in accordance to standards. Their structure, layout and navigation is user orientated, its simplicity demonstrably fits context of use (Neilson, 2005). Navigation is efficient and interactive, which improves "flow" according to Myers (2007). The form asks for a lot of information the customer is aware of and would be able to fill up without

Hard and soft skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hard and soft skills - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that every organization aims at hiring the best candidate. Job candidates possess hard and soft skills. Hard skills include accountancy, finance, programming and so forth. Soft skills include self-confidence, stress management people skills and so forth. These skills are important in an organization for proper correlation of employees. Hard skills are learned in school through training and reading book. These skills cannot be learned on the job since they require professional qualification. For instance, for one to become a qualified accountant they need learn accountancy in school be tested and pass exams.This leads one to be a certified public accountant. Hard skills require a high intelligence quotient since their application require great analytical skills critical thinking and organizational skills. In addition, the rules applied in these skills remain the same regardless of the company and circumstances where they are applied. For exa mple, the procedure of preparing a published financial statement of a company is similar regardless of the size and location of an incorporated company. A professional accountant thus needs to follow the international financial reporting standards when preparing the financial statements. The soft skills are self-taught skills which depend on one’s emotional quotient. They are the skills that enable a person to relate and work well with people. These skills include the interpersonal skills, self-confidence, stress management and people skills.

For the Love of the Game Essay Example for Free

For the Love of the Game Essay The poem, Black Hair by Gary Soto describes a boy who had and probably still has a love and passion for baseball. Many images throughout this poem support this fact. For example, In the bleachers I was brilliant with my body, waving players in and stomping my feet, His crouch the one I assumed before an alter of worn baseball cards in my room, and Â…in my mind I rounded the bases with him, my face flared, my hair lifting/Beautifully, show how much he loves the game of baseball by putting himself, through imagination, into the game as if he was a player or coach himself. The first image, In the bleachers I was brilliant with my body, waving players in and stomping my feet shows how the boy tries to put himself right there in the game with the players. It makes me believe he is a true fan who really gets into the game. He was probably one of those annoying fans who jump up right in front of you just as someone is running for home plate and you miss it because they block your view through all their excitement. During those moments he probably forgets about everyone around him and feels at that moment he is the only one there. The second image, His crouch the one I assumed before an alter of worn baseball cards in my room to me shows he has been a collector for a while. Some of his baseball cards could have also been his Fathers that may have been handed down to him, which in that case are also old and worn. It makes me think he frequently thumbs through them. I am imagining them to be kept in an old shoebox not really in any type of order. After a game he probably gets them out and pulls out the best players from that game. The third image, Â…in my mind I rounded the bases with him, my face flared, my hair lifting/Beautifully again as in the first image shows me how he really puts himself in the game. He feels like a team player and maybe dreams of one day being a professional himself like Hector Moreno. The way he describes himself by the face flaring and hair lifting makes me believe he can see himself in slow motion heading for home plate and everyone watching and cheering him on as he approaches each base. Each image I have described supports my theory about his love of baseball and his dream of one day being a professional player himself. I think with the loss of his Father, baseball has taken up a big part of his life to maybe fill the void of his loss. He has definitely picked Hector out as a big role model for him and wants to one day be as successful as Hector. He wants to big an important person that people will look up to.

Education - Its Time to Break the Rules :: Free Essays Online

Education - It's Time to Break the Rules When he follows the guidelines of the assignment his writing is wonderful. Unfortunately, he rarely follows those guidelines which I concisely explain to the class. His writing is complete nonsense with no factual support, no structure and no resemblance to any of his classmateà ­s work! I know, I know. I tell him time and time again that there are certain rules that everyone must follow. Its just a part of life. I donà ­t know how he expects to get by in society that way. No one is above the rules. Its just the way the world works. We must break him of this habit before its too late!à ® Yes! you are absolutely correct! There is no place in our educational system for free thinkers like him! What kind of world would it be if everyone let their imagination run wild! Dear god, it would be total chaos! We can not let one student like that one get by or its the beginning of the end of our way of life.à ® He must be severely flogged and then subjected to a series of shock treatments to break him of his spirit and then make it clear to him that if any further outbreaks of spontaneous expression occur, he shall be punished accordingly.à ® This was a conversation between two of my high school teachers that I overheard. Actually , I imagined it, and, although it may sound somewhat extreme, I think it expresses some of goals of our present educational system. We are all force fed knowledge like it was brussel sprouts and some of us swallow it, although it tastes bad, while others spit it out. It seems like we spend a quarter of our lives in school in preparation to become law-abiding members of a society that is far from perfect. Why is it that so many kids hate to go to school? Has every generation since the beginning of time hated to learn? Is it human nature or could there be something wrong with the present state of education? Now I do not speak for everyone in my generation, but kids, in general, would rather be out having fun than in a classroom listening to a teacher. Even a good class with an exciting teacher does not beat swimming or a sunset or frolicking in the meadow or eating a banana split. Education - It's Time to Break the Rules :: Free Essays Online Education - It's Time to Break the Rules When he follows the guidelines of the assignment his writing is wonderful. Unfortunately, he rarely follows those guidelines which I concisely explain to the class. His writing is complete nonsense with no factual support, no structure and no resemblance to any of his classmateà ­s work! I know, I know. I tell him time and time again that there are certain rules that everyone must follow. Its just a part of life. I donà ­t know how he expects to get by in society that way. No one is above the rules. Its just the way the world works. We must break him of this habit before its too late!à ® Yes! you are absolutely correct! There is no place in our educational system for free thinkers like him! What kind of world would it be if everyone let their imagination run wild! Dear god, it would be total chaos! We can not let one student like that one get by or its the beginning of the end of our way of life.à ® He must be severely flogged and then subjected to a series of shock treatments to break him of his spirit and then make it clear to him that if any further outbreaks of spontaneous expression occur, he shall be punished accordingly.à ® This was a conversation between two of my high school teachers that I overheard. Actually , I imagined it, and, although it may sound somewhat extreme, I think it expresses some of goals of our present educational system. We are all force fed knowledge like it was brussel sprouts and some of us swallow it, although it tastes bad, while others spit it out. It seems like we spend a quarter of our lives in school in preparation to become law-abiding members of a society that is far from perfect. Why is it that so many kids hate to go to school? Has every generation since the beginning of time hated to learn? Is it human nature or could there be something wrong with the present state of education? Now I do not speak for everyone in my generation, but kids, in general, would rather be out having fun than in a classroom listening to a teacher. Even a good class with an exciting teacher does not beat swimming or a sunset or frolicking in the meadow or eating a banana split.

Angles and Demons by Dan Brown Essay

Angles and Demons by Dan Brown was a reading choice out of curiosity rather than real interest because of the Da Vinci Code by the same author. I wanted to see what other works of fiction Dan Brown came up with before his controversial book. This book had me raising my eyebrows more than a few times with story line but that did not stop me from turning the pages until I got to the end. Angels and Demons basically follows the same formula as the Da Vinci Code. It begins with a murder which only Robert Langdon seems capable of solving with his knowledge of religious iconology and history; a strong female character, Vittoria Vetra, daughter to the murder victim Leonardo Vetra, assists Langdon in his â€Å"quest†; a hired assassin who is delusional, a fanatic and has unquestionable loyalty to his belief carries out an unforeseen but well-crafted plan; an ancient secret society, the Illuminati, is out to get revenge on the Church; finally, an unexpected mastermind who calls himself as Janus, works behind the curtains. An anti-matter canister was stolen from CERN when Leonardo Vetra was murdered and this is assumed to have a life span of 24 hours before the batteries die and it explodes. Brown remains true to using archaic bits of knowledge to leave a trail for Robert Langdon and Vittoria Vetra to follow from Switzerland to the Vatican City in order to find the missing anti-matter canister and find the murderer of Leonardo Vetra. The plot thickens when the anti-matter canister bomb threatens the Vatican and the conclave in the process of choosing the new Pope. The book ends dramatically with a seemingly miraculous event followed by the declaration of a new Pope. Though I enjoyed the chase more from Angels and Demons rather than the Da Vinci Code, I must say that, as a priest, Brown seems have some issues with the Church to come up with troubling concepts for his books. First you have Leonardo Vetra, a priest who turns away from the Church. He becomes a leading physicist of CERN and, together with his adopted daughter, tries to find God through science and research. They seem to be successful with the development of the anti-matter, which was stolen when Vetra was murdered. You also have a Pope who sired a child with a nun, though through artificial means. The child later becomes his camerlengo, the Pope’s Chamberlain. The camerlengo, Carlo Ventresca, unaware of his paternal parentage, murders the Pope upon knowing his dark secret with the belief that he is both cleansing and protecting the Church. Though the book is admittedly a work of fiction, it borders on tarnishing how Catholics and non-Catholics may view the Church and its priests. Brown puts into question the honesty and loyalty of priests to the Mother Church and their commitment to the vow of celibacy, as seen with the Pope. It is appalling to think that Jesus’ surrogates on Earth would be the first ones to violate their vows. Brown also pits religion versus science. Leonardo Ventra is murdered for his research on anti-matter which can supposedly prove the beginning of life, that science can prove God’s existence. I’d like to think that religion is a matter of faith and science is a matter of fact, the two just can’t mix when it comes to explaining God. Then you have the camerlengo who is himself delusional and a fanatic in his belief that the Church, and not science, is the saving power of the world with himself at the wheel of salvation. He goes to great lengths to get the world’s attention, discredit Science and put the Church on a pedestal for the world to see. Angels and Demons made me uncomfortable with the image of the Church that it created – a divided, secretive, vindictive and vulnerable body. Readers, both Catholics and non-Catholics should be discriminating of the events in this book, lest they forget that this is only a work of fiction.

The Virgin of Vladimir

http://www. flickr. com/photos/t-a-a/5340663023/  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Virgin of Vladimir Byzantine painting was not realistic in its representations of the divine and super natural. (Online Lectures) The final results were paintings and mosaics that had a blending of some naturalistic elements and abstractions. (Online Lectures) The unifying element was that the works were depictions of the Divine for the Church. (Online Lectures) The Virgin of Vladimir an image depicting a mother and child was given to the Russian ruler by the Byzantine emperor somewhere between 1130 and 1135. This image later became known as the Virgin of Vladimir which is believed to have been one of St. Luke’s original paintings painted from real life. (Unknown) As of today it is now considered to be the work of a twelfth century Byzantine artist, to date its true creator is still unknown. This icon has come to be considered the most important and most powerful icon in Russia. (Unknown) This is one of the most copied icons over generations. This icon was credited with protecting Russia in several battles. F. S. Kleiner) Because of this, the Virgin of Vladimir was held in close regards by rulers of Russia. (Unknown) Whenever the capital moved, the icon moved as well. It eventually ended up in Moscow in the late fifteenth century. The Virgin, as seen in the example image that I choose, is holding the child in a tender embrace while looking out to the viewer. It has been said that she is acknowledging Christ’s future sacrifice for all of mankind. This image exhibits all of th e characteristic Byzantine traits: her straight long nose and small mouth, the golden rays in the infant’s drapery; the decorative sweep of the unbroken contour that encloses the two figures; and the flat silhouette against the golden ground. †   (F. S. Kleiner)   This work of art is unified. The artist used actual proportions in this painting; the child is proportionally smaller than the mother. The vividness of the hues of yellows and oranges worked well creating a harmonious piece of art. Overall, I think that this is an interestingly balanced piece of art. Works Cited Kleiner, Fred S. and Mamiya, Christin J. Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Concise History of Western Art. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing, 2007. â€Å"Byzantine Art. † Online Lectures: History of Art in Early Civilization ART1020 XD. Web. 3 September 2011. Unknown. Art Through Time: A Global View . unknown unknown unknown. 4 September 2011 ;http://www. learner. org/courses/globalart/work/219/index. html;.

Sacred Archetypes by Mimi Lobell

Sacred Archetypes by Mimi Lobell Stonehenge is an ancient monument which is composed by barrows of hedged stones that are located in the  Wiltshire county of England Salisbury Plains consisting of long and round, bowls, bells, discs in singles, twins, as well as triple barrows.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sacred Archetypes by Mimi Lobell specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is during this period that men improved their architectural skills, and consequently, built constructions that have been alive for centuries. These monuments served a religious purpose with a relation to the surrounding barrows, similar to that of a church to a churchyard, or a cathedral in later periods of England. People of ancient times shifted from their nomadic lifestyle (hunters and gathers) to a much advanced food producing cultures, after settling in certain areas, and forming discrete villages, where they started using stones to put up magnificent structures.[1] Sto nehenge society may be seen as egalitarian, structured by kinship who was worshiping its ancestors. It is this culture that initiated the history of building castles in England; these are the people of that time who saw humans move out of un-civilized cave houses into grand builders. That time was the time of architects who constructed monumental structures, which still, impress modern people. While entrenched in the land, they built permanent dwellings, shrines, granaries, and collective graves. In addition, to the religious role, the Stonehenge moment marked immensely to the passage of seasons that gave practical significance to the people of the time. Indeed, most megalithic structures can be credited to them.[2] They fit the GREAT ROUND Archetypal Category because, they are characterized by stone circles, passage mounds, sacred caves and sanctuaries, all which describe the GREAT ROUND nature.[3] On the other hand, the spiritual focus is on the Great Goddess, and her sacred Womb- Cavern, which is a prevalent form motif that becomes the prototype for the holy-of-holies of nearly all later religions. It is believed that the artistic-huge stones were paraphernalia that was used to mark extraterrestrial happenings such as solstices and eclipses in the delightful sphere of the Divine Feminine.[4] Stonehenge, presents a lunar and solar point of reference, which may well have been recognized through the â€Å"sacred marriage,† to get in touch with the body of the Goddess.Advertising Looking for essay on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Probably this could be connected to a function of observing solar and lunar observations to predict solstices and eclipses, which was essential knowledge for people of the time who were exceedingly reliant on the growing season. The Great Pyramids, Giza, Old Kingdom is located on the Giza Plateau, which borders the Sahara Desert, lying on the Nile River west bank, happens to be next to the contemporary Cairo. The name of this monument ensues from an Arabic meaning as â€Å"the father of terror.† It is among a number of the biggest single-stone monuments globally, which happens to be carved out of a granite foundation. The age was symbolized by dynastic theocratic decree; respect for the World Mountain; the construction of architectural pyramids; as well as the entire elements of statecraft including standing armies, exhaustive farming, urban hubs, and class-structured cultures.[5] The Great Pyramids, Giza, Old Kingdom do represent a classic period which can be termed as â€Å"the world where the Sacred Mountain of the Father-God.† They fit the PYRAMID Archetypal Category, because, of the manner in which they generate spiritual emphasis from their logo principle of the head of a male and a lion body, which is an architectural that has continued to thrive on the Egyptian culture and other various country’s cultures.[6] In addition, the architecture generates the idea that the universe happens to be secretly ordered according to divine laws, mystical geometric relationships, sacred names, and numbers imbued with magical power, all of which are accessible only to the ruler and his elite priesthood. It was this dynastic ancestral divinity, which reigned at the height of a syncretism state-culture religious conviction that centered on the â€Å"godly† rulers ritualistic and symbolic mediation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sacred Archetypes by Mimi Lobell specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bibliography Marilyn, Stokstad and Michael Cothren. Art History. Volume 1, Fourth Edition. Indianapolis: Pearson Higher Education Professional Group, 2010. Wikipedia. October 2011. Stonehenge. Wikipedia. September 2011. Great Pyramid of Giza. Footnotes Wikipedia. October 2011. Stonehenge. Wikipedia, September 2011. Stonehenge. Marilyn Stokstad and Michael Cothren, Art History, Volume 1, Fourth Edition. (Indianapolis: Pearson Higher Education Professional Group, 2010), 71. Marilyn Stokstad and Michael Cothern, Art History, 72. Marilyn Stokstad, and Michael Cothren. Art History, 69. Marilyn Stokstad and Michael Cothren. Art History, 71.

Does power inevitably corrupt the powerful Essay

Does power inevitably corrupt the powerful - Essay Example From this perspective it could be argued that the simple ability to control others is by its nature a corruption of other peoples will and as such, power is inherently corruptible. However in practice this may not be true. Ultimately it could be argued that power does often corrupt however it does not necessarily have to corrupt. There is little question that in many circumstances in history people have been greatly corrupted by power. According to Haddock (2006) there have been several examples in history of people exerting their power over others. On one side of the spectrum one finds powerful men such as President Lyndon B. Johnson who would often hold meetings whilst he was sitting on the toilet (Demonstrating a kind of contempt over his coworkers) to a megalomaniac such as Joseph Stalin who killed millions. One issue regarding power that has arisen is the idea that people may be hardwired for egocentric power rather than simple institutional power. However it remains the case th at many people do achieve a great deal of power yet do not necessarily have to demonstrate their egocentric power over others. Many people who achieve professional success remain quite humble in their regular life. Bailey & Dash (2006) Highlighted that Billionaire Warren Buffett has lived in the same home in Omaha, Nebraska for over forty years. Moreover the billionaire remains committed to homespun values such as shunning executive payouts, avoiding investing in technology companies and frequently criticizing tax policies that benefit the rich. Having demonstrated that some powerful people do not necessarily exert egocentric power it is the case that according to haddock (2006) there are many people that do flex their ego muscles once they reach a certain level of power. This may be achieved through taking childish liberties, through sexual dominance over weaker people or through making outlandish purchases. Ultimately stride to egocentric power can be manifested through any number of mechanisms. The question of how the exercise of egocentric power affects followers can cover a wide range, owing to the fact that people respond differently to different treatment. On one end of the spectrum people could respond very negatively to egocentric behavior, such as creating deep feelings of insecurity, negative self esteem issues etc. However it could be argued that strong negative reinforcement from a leader could ultimately motivate the underlings to perform better. Anybody who has trained extensively for competitive sports would have likely experienced the effect of a trainer or coach shouting critiques and personal insults designed to motivate the trainee to do almost anything to win approval. However it could also be that people simply do not respond one way or the other and simply not strongly affected by egocentric behavior whatsoever. The issue of whether or not a leader can do anything to help combat the effect of power corrupting it long and storied. Accordi ng to Tertullian as espoused by Wehner (2009) it was a classical Roman tradition that generals would tour the streets after a military success (Much like the veterans parades today). However in the Roman tradition the Imperator (Equivalent to a commander) would be trailed by his servant who would be paid to whisper into the ear of his master â€Å"

Vulnerable Population in the Workplace Project Essay

Vulnerable Population in the Workplace Project - Essay Example In my workplace for example there are a number of people whose access to health care leaves a lot to be desired. The problem in understanding these vulnerable people lies heavily on ignorance and poor decisions made by policy makers. For example, HIV patients need better facilities that are reasonably close to them and that treat and offer counselling facilities (O'Donnell 417). This paper will evaluate the presence of barriers in understanding their vulnerability and offer an action plan of creating awareness of this vulnerability. PATIENT BARRIERS Mental health problems People of unsound mind are in most cases reluctant to access any medication even of their mental condition (O'Donnell 401). As such it is even harder to undergo a complete dosage of any other illness leave alone HIV infection. Substance abuse problems HIV patients who abuse drugs tend to neglect the importance of taking proper medication. Drugs usually tend to simplify the gravity of the need to access descent healt h care. It is also not healthy to take HIV medication together with drugs and as such drug abusers opt to continue with drugs neglecting medication in return. Transportation problems When transportation to a heath facility is an issue HIV patients are less likely to seek treatment especially where regular check up is in the offing. Lack of social support system HIV is a stigmatising ailment where social support no matter how negligible can assist a great deal (O'Donnell 456). In situations where this is lacking, people shy away from approaching health practitioners for fear that such a leak will result to social discrimination. SYSTEM BARRIERS Childcare not available at clinic Children patients often require better care than adults due to their vulnerable nature. Childcare facilities are thereby necessary in close proximity to children patients and lack of it reduces their chances of accessing health care from distant facilities. Clinic locations/services not convenient Location of clinical services also acts as a barrier to accessing treatment for HIV patients. At these locations there may able be inconvenient services which frustrate patients’ efforts of accessing descent health care. Cost of HIV care This barrier is one of the most significant as it affects many patients not only in the United States but the world over. It is actually worse in the developed world where poverty levels are intense. It is also a fact that cheap health care is not as reliable setting it that the poor are hugely barred from accessing quality health care. Unfriendly HIV care system Facilities that offer HIV care are at times discriminatory of manifest negligence in offering medical care. As earlier stated, HIV is a stigma attached condition where patients’ psychological wellbeing is of essence. Lack of this consideration chases many away neglecting medication altogether. It is important to ensure that an organisation has mechanisms in place that help to identify the vulnerable groups within the workplace so as to eliminate unnecessary losses. It is also a gesture of good faith and concern for an organisation to establish, for example, counselling facilities in the workplace or pay for related expenses. There is room for improvement and total change in the way such people are recognised and treated. The management needs to develop a sub-department where vulnerable people can report their cases and